ÑëÊÓÍø|ÖйúÍøÂçµçÊǪ́|ÍøÕ¾µØͼ
¿Í·þÉèΪÊ×Ò³
怬


¸ü¶à ¾«²ÊÊÓƵÅÅÐÐ



¸ü¶à ̽Ë÷µØͼ

ÍøÓÑÆÀ·Ö×î¸ß



Êײ¥

Öز¥

¡¡¡¡×ó²àµÄ´óͼÖÐÊÇÒ»¸ö¾ÞÐ͵ÄÐÇϵȺ£¬±àºÅΪMACS J1149+2223£¬ÆäÕ¼¾ÝÁËÕû¸öÊÓÒ°µÄ´ó²¿·ÖÇøÓò¡£ÕâÒ»¾ÞÐÍÐÇϵÍÅÇ¿´óµÄÒýÁ¦ÍäÇúÁËÀ´×ÔÆäºó·½µÄ¹âÏߣ¬Èô˴Îз¢ÏÖµÄÔçÆÚÐÇϵMACS 1149-JDÔöÁÁÁË´óÔ¼15±¶¡£ÔÚÓÒÉϽÇÊǶÔ×ó²àͼÏñµÄ¾Ö²¿·Å´ó£¬Õ¹Ê¾µÄÊÇMACS 1149-JDÐÇϵ¸½½üÇøÓòµÄ·Å´óͼ£¬ÆäÏ·½ÔòÊǶÔÕâÒ»ÐÇϵµÄ½øÒ»²½·Å´óͼ¡£

¡¡¡¡±±¾©Ê±¼ä9ÔÂ21ÈÕÏûÏ¢£¬¾Ý¹úÍâýÌ屨µÀ£¬½èÖúÃÀ¹úÓ¾Ö˹Ƥ²ß¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µºÍ¹þ²ª¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µ£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÉÏÓîÖæÒýÁ¦Í¸¾µ·Å´óЧ¹ûµÄ°ïÖú£¬À´×ÔÃÀ¹úÔ¼º²¡¤»ôÆÕ½ð˹´óѧµÄÌìÎÄѧ¼ÒΤÕ÷(Wei Zheng£¬ÒôÒë)Áìµ¼µÄÒ»¸öС×é·¢ÏÖÁË¿ÉÄÜÊÇÆù½ñÒÑÖª×îÒ£Ô¶µÄÐÇϵĿ±ê¡£

¡¡¡¡´Ë´Î¸ÃС×éËù¹Û²ìµ½µÄÕâÒ»ÐÇϵ´æÔÚµÄʱÆÚÊÇÓîÖæ´ó±¬Õ¨ºó½ö½ö´óÔ¼5ÒÚÄê¡£ÕâÒ»Ò£Ô¶ÐÇϵ´æÔÚµÄʱÆڷdz£ÌØÊ⣬µ±Ê±Ç¡ºÃÊÇÓîÖæ´ÓÒ»¸ö±»³Æ×÷¡°ºÚ°µÊ±ÆÚ¡±(Dark Ages)µÄ½×¶ÎÖÐÖð½¥°ÚÍѳöÀ´µÄʱÆÚ¡£ÔÚÕâһʱÆÚ£¬ÓîÖæ´ÓÒ»¸öÍêÈ«ºÚ°µ£¬Ã»ÓÐÈκÎÐÇÐǵĹãÙó´æÔÚÏò׎ñÌìÎÒÃÇËùÊìÖªµÄ³äÂúè­è²Ðdz½µÄÓîÖæת±ä¡£Òò´ËÕâÒ»°µµ­µÄÒ£Ô¶ÐÇϵµÄ·¢ÏÖΪÎÒÃÇ¿ªÆôÁËÒ»ÉÈͨÏòÄǸö×îÉîå䣬×îÒ£Ô¶Äê´úµÄʱ¼äÖ®´°¡£

¡¡¡¡¸ÃÏîÑо¿µÄµÚÒ»×÷ÕßΤÕ÷ÊÇÔ¼º²¡¤»ôÆÕ½ð˹´óѧ¿ËÀï¸ñÒÕÊõºÍ¿Æѧ²¿ºàÀû¡¤ÂÞÀ¼ÎïÀíºÍÌìÎÄϵÊ×ϯÑо¿¿Æѧ¼Ò¡£Ëû˵£º¡°ÕâÒ»ÐÇϵÊÇÆù½ñÎÒÃÇÒÔ¸ßÖÃÐŶȹ۲쵽µÄ×îÒ£Ô¶µÄÐÇϵ¡£¡±ÃèÊöËûÃÇ´ËÏ×÷µÄÏà¹ØÂÛÎÄÒѾ­·¢±íÔÚ9ÔÂ20ÈÕ³ö°æµÄ¡¶×ÔÈ»¡·ÔÓÖ¾ÉÏ¡£

¡¡¡¡Î¤Õ÷±íʾ£º¡°Î´À´Õë¶ÔÕâÒ»ÐÇϵ£¬ÒÔ¼°ÎÒÃÇÏ£ÍûÄÜÕÒµ½µÄÆäËüÀàËÆÐÇϵĿ±êµÄÑо¿¹¤×÷½«°ïÖúÎÒÃǶÔÓîÖæµÄ¼«ÔçÆÚÌìÌ忪չÑо¿£¬²¢Ì½¾¿ÓîÖæµÄºÚ°µÊ±ÆÚÊÇÈçºÎÖÕ½áµÄ¡£¡±ÕâЩÀ´×ÔÕâÒ»Ò£Ô¶ÐÇϵµÄ¹â´©Ô½132ÒÚ¹âÄêµÄããÓîÖ棬×îÖÕµÖ´ïÃÀ¹úÓ¾ÖµÄÍûÔ¶¾µ¾µÍ·¡£»»¾ä»°Ëµ£¬´Ë´ÎÓÉ˹Ƥ²ßºÍ¹þ²ª¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µ²¶»ñµÄ¹âÏßÊÇÀ´×ÔÓîÖæ½öΪÆäÏÖ½ñÄêÁä3.6%ʱµÄÒ£Ô¶¹ýÈ¥¡£´ÓרҵÉÏÀ´Ëµ£¬ÓîÖæÖÐÐÇϵµÄ¾àÀëÊÇÓúìÒÆÀ´±íÕ÷µÄ£¬·ûºÅËõдΪ¡°Z¡±£¬ÕâÒ»ÐÇϵµÄºìÒÆֵΪ9.6¡£ÐÇϵµÄºìÒƾÍÊÇÖ¸ÓÉÓÚÓîÖæÅòÕÍЧӦµ¼ÖÂÐÇϵ·¢³öµÄ¹âÔÚ´«²¥¹ý³ÌÖв¨³¤±»À­³¤µÄÏÖÏó¡£

¡¡¡¡ÌìÎÄѧ¼ÒÃdz£³£Ê¹ÓúìÒÆÀ´±íʾÓîÖæµÄ¾àÀëÖµ¡£ºÍ֮ǰÔÚÕâһʱÆÚ̽²âµ½µÄÐÇϵ²»Í¬£¬ÄÇЩÐÇϵ¶¼Ö»ÊÇÔÚijһµ¥Ò»²¨¶ÎÉϱ»¹Û²âµ½£¬¶øÕâÒ»ÐÇϵÔòÔÚ5¸ö²»Í¬²¨¶ÎÉ϶¼±»¹Û²âµ½ÁË¡£×÷Ϊ¡°¹þ²ª¼¯ÈºÍ¸¾µºÍ³¬ÐÂÐÇѲÌì¼Æ»®¡±(CLASH)µÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬¹þ²ª¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µÔÚ4¸ö²»Í¬²¨¶Î¹Û²âµ½ÁËÕâÒ»Ò£Ô¶ÐÇϵ¡£¶ø˹Ƥ²ß¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µÔòʹÓÃÆäºìÍâÕóÁÐÏà»ú(IRAC)ÔÚµÚ5¸ö²¨¶ÎÉϹ۲⵽ÁËÕâÒ»ÐÇϵ£¬´Ó¶øÈÃÕâÏî¹Û²â½á¹û¾ßÓÐÁ˸ü¼Ó¼áʵµÄ»ù´¡¡£

¡¡¡¡ÕâÖÖ¾àÀ뼫¶ËÒ£Ô¶µÄÌìÌåÒ»°ãÊdz¬³öµ±½ñ×î´óÐÍ×îÁéÃôÍûÔ¶¾µÉ豸µÄ̽²â¼«Ï޵ġ£ÎªÁ˲¶×½À´×ÔÒ£Ô¶ÐÇϵÈç´Ë°µÈõµÄ¹â⣬ÌìÎÄѧ¼ÒÃǽèÖúÓÚ¡°ÒýÁ¦Í¸¾µ¡±Ð§Ó¦¡£ÕâÖÖЧӦÊÇÔÚ100¶àÄêÇ°ÓÉ°®Òò˹̹ԤÑԵģ¬¼´Ç°¾°ÐÇϵµÄÒýÁ¦³¡»áÍäÇú²¢·Å´óÀ´×Ô±³¾°ÐÇϵµÄ¹â¡£Ò»¸ö¾ÓÓÚÎÒÃǺÍÒ£Ô¶ÐÇϵ֮¼äµÄ´óÖÊÁ¿ÐÇϵÍŽ«µ¼ÖÂÀ´×ÔºóÕßµÄÁÁ¶È±»·Å´óÔöÇ¿£¬ÔöÇ¿µÄ·ù¶È¿É´ï15±¶×óÓÒ£¬´Ó¶øÈÃÎÒÃǵÃÒԹ۲⵽ºóÕߵĴæÔÚ¡£½èÖú¹þ²ªºÍ˹Ƥ²ßÍûÔ¶¾µµÄ¹Û²â£¬ÌìÎÄѧ¼ÒÃÇÈÏΪÕâÒ»Ò£Ô¶ÐÇϵµ±Ê±µÄÄêÁä½öÓв»³¬¹ý2ÒÚÄê¡£ÕâÒ»ÐÇϵ·Ç³£Ð¡£¬½á¹¹·Ç³£½ôÃÜ£¬ÆäÖÊÁ¿Ô¼ÎªÒøºÓϵÖÊÁ¿µÄ1%¡£

¡¡¡¡¸ù¾ÝÖ÷Á÷µÄÓîÖæѧÀíÂÛ£¬×îÔçÆÚµÄÐÇϵȷʵӦµ±ÊÇСÐ͵ġ£ËæºóËüÃÇͨ¹ýÏ໥֮¼äµÄºÏ²¢£¬Ðγɸü½Ó½üÓÚÏÖ´úÓîÖæÖеÄÄÇÖÖ¾ÞÐÍÐÇϵ¡£ÓîÖæÔÙµçÀëʱÆÚÊDZêÖ¾×ÅÓîÖæºÚ°µÊ±ÆÚÖÕ½áµÄÖØ´óʼþ£¬ÕâЩ×îÔçÆÚÐÇϵÔÚÕâһʼþÖаçÑÝ׏ؼüÐÔµÄ×÷Óá£ÔÚÓîÖæ´ó±¬Õ¨Ö®ºó´óÔ¼40ÍòÄ꣬ÖÐÐÔÇâÆøÌå´ÓÀäÈ´µÄÁ£×Ó»ìãçÖпªÊ¼Ðγɡ£È»¶øÓîÖæÖеĵÚÒ»¿ÅºãÐǺÍÐÇϵȴ³Ù³ÙûÓгöÏÖ£¬ÕâһʼþµÄ·¢Éú»¹ÒªµÈµ½ÊýÒÚÄêÖ®ºó²Å×îÖÕµ½À´¡£¿Æѧ¼ÒÃÇÈÏΪÕâЩ¼«ÔçÆÚÐÇϵËùÊͷŵÄÄÜÁ¿µ¼ÖÂÃÖÂþÓîÖæÖеÄÖÐÐÔÇâ·¢ÉúÁËÔÙµçÀ룬Ҳ¾ÍÊÇÇâÔ­×Óʧȥһ¸öµç×Ó£¬ÕâÖÖ״̬һֱά³Öµ½ÏÖÔÚ¡£ÂÛÎĺÏÖøÕߣ¬ÃÀ¹úÓ¾ÖÅçÆøÍƽøʵÑéÊÒµÄÑо¿¿Æѧ¼ÒÀ³Äá´ï˹¡¤ÄÂËþ¿Ë˹(Leonidas Moustakas)±íʾ£º¡°´Ó±¾ÖÊÉÏÀ´Ëµ£¬ÔÚÓîÖæÔÙµçÀëʱÆÚ£¬ÓîÖæµÄµÆ±»´ò¿ªÁË¡£¡±

¡¡¡¡ÌìÎÄѧ¼ÒÃÇÅÎÍû×ÅÄÜʹÓÃÃÀ¹úÓ¾ÖµÄÏÂÒ»´ú¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µ¡ª¡ªÕ²Ä·Ë¹¡¤Î¤²®¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µ¶ÔÓîÖæÖÐ×îÔçÆÚºãÐǺÍÐÇϵµÄ³öÏÖ£¬ÒÔ¼°ÓîÖæÔÙµçÀëʱÆÚµÄÐÔÖʽøÐÐÑо¿¡£¸ÃÍûÔ¶¾µ½«³ÉΪ˹Ƥ²ßºÍ¹þ²ª¿Õ¼äÍûÔ¶¾µµÄºó¼ÌÕߣ¬Ô¤¼Æ½«ÓÚ2018Äê·¢ÉäÉý¿Õ¡£ÔÚ·¢ÉäÖ®ºó£¬ÕâÒ»ÐÇϵԤ¼Æ½«³ÉΪÖ÷ÒªµÄ¹Û²âÄ¿±ê¡£»ôÀ¼µÂ¡¤¸£ÌØ(Holland Ford)ÊÇΤÕ÷ÍŶӵijÉÔ±£¬Ò²ÊǸÃÂÛÎĵĺÏÖøÕߣ¬Ëû¶Ô´ËÆÀ¼ÛµÀ£º¡°µ±Äã̽Ë÷֪ʶµÄ±ß½®£¬¿Æѧ½«ÊǷdz£ÓÐȤµÄ¡£¡±¸£ÌØÊÇÔ¼º²¡¤»ôÆÕ½ð˹´óѧµÄÎïÀíѧºÍÌìÎÄѧ½ÌÊÚ¡£

¡¡¡¡¸£ÌØ˵£º¡°ÆäÖеÄÒ»¸ö±ß½®¾ÍÊÇÓîÖæµ®Éúºó×î³õÊýÒÚÄê¼ä·¢ÉúµÄʼþ¡£Î¤Õ÷½ÌÊÚÔÚ¹ýÈ¥µÄºÜ¶àÄê¼äÒ»Ö±ÔÚ´ÓʶÔÓîÖæÀèÃ÷ʱÆÚÀàÐÇÌåºÍ¼«ÔçÆÚÐÇϵµÄËÑÑ°¹¤×÷£¬ÏÖÔÚÕâÏ×÷ÖÕÓÚÓÐÁ˻ر¨£ºÄǾÍÊÇÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚËù¿´µ½µÄÕâÒ»´æÔÚÓÚÓîÖæµ®Éúºó½ö½ö5ÒÚÄêʱµÄԭʼÐÇϵ¡£¡±Ëû±íʾ£º¡°ÓÐÁËÕâÏî·¢ÏÖ£¬ÎÒÃǵÃÒÔÄ¿¶ÃÓîÖæÔÚÆäÓ¤¶ùʱÆÚµÄÄ£Ñù¡£È»¶øÕâ¸öÐÇϵ×îºó½«»áÑݱä³ÉºÍÎÒÃÇÒøºÓϵÏàÀàËƵĴóÐÍÐÇϵ£¬ÉõÖÁ³öÏÖÐÐÐÇϵͳ¡£¶ÔÓÚÌìÎÄѧ¼ÒÃǶøÑÔ£¬Õâ¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚ»ØËÝʱ¼ä£¬¿´µ½ÎÒÃÇÒøºÓϵµÄÓ¤¶ùʱÆÚ¡£¡±(³¿·ç)